I‘rab sebagai Pengendali Makna Waqaf dan Ibtida’ dalam Penafsiran Al-Qur’an

 Saida Gani, Berti Arsyad

Abstract


Tilawah Al-Qur’an menuntut keselarasan antara struktur gramatikal, segmentasi prosodik, dan penafsiran karena waqaf atau ibtida’ yang tidak tepat dapat mengubah atribusi, fungsi modifikasi, cakupan negasi, dan makna proposisional. Penelitian ini mengkaji i‘rab sebagai mekanisme struktural yang mengendalikan waqaf dan ibtida’ serta menilai konsekuensi interpretatifnya. Penelitian menggunakan desain kualitatif-deskriptif terhadap 75 unit tekstual yang terdiri atas 57 kasus waqaf, tujuh kasus ibtida’, dan sebelas kasus tafsir bi al-ra’y. Setiap unit dianalisis berdasarkan kelengkapan sintaksis, keterikatan lafaz, kesinambungan makna, dan risiko interpretatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa waqaf tam dan kafi umumnya menjaga integritas struktur, sedangkan waqaf hasan dan terutama qabih semakin berisiko memutus dependensi wajib atau mengubah sumber dan cakupan proposisi. Ibtida’ yang keliru dapat melepaskan unsur terikat dari pengendalinya atau menjadikan ujaran terlapor tampak sebagai pernyataan mandiri. Alternatif i‘rab dapat diterima apabila didukung rasm, morfologi, sintaksis, dan konteks. Penelitian mengusulkan model i‘rab-segmentasi-makna-tafsir untuk pembelajaran nahwu-tilawah terpadu dan anotasi digital Al-Qur’an berbasis sintaksis.

Keywords


i‘rab; nahwu Al-Qur’an; penafsiran Al-Qur’an; segmentasi bacaan; waqaf-ibtida’

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdul-Ghafour, A.-Q. K., A. Aladdin, I. S. Zainudin, and N. Mat Awal, ‘Contextual Meanings of Qurʾānic Near-Synonyms and Their Translations’, Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning, 5.3 (2022), pp. 796–811, doi:https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v5i3.16519

Akyüz, Y., ‘Speech Acts and Imperative Illocution Forms in Arabic’, Hitit Theology Journal, 22.2 (2023), pp. 881–900, doi:https://doi.org/10.14395/hid.1333155

Al Insyirah, S. M., ‘Inovasi Tanda Jeda Baru pada Mushaf Al-Qur’an: Studi Pergeseran dari Nilai Fungsional ke Nilai Komersial pada Mushaf Waqf-Ibtidā’’, Contemporary Quran, 4.1 (2024), pp. 15–32, doi:https://doi.org/10.14421/cq.v4i1.5674

al-Suyuti, Jalal al-Din, Al-Itqan fi ‘Ulum al-Qur’an (Cairo: al-Matba‘ah al-Azhariyyah, 1317 H)

al-Zarkashi, Badr al-Din Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah, Al-Burhan fi ‘Ulum al-Qur’an (Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, 1957)

Alimin, F. Gunawan, A. Muttaqin, and S. Boulahnane, ‘Sexuality Communication Ethics in the Qur’an: A Semantic Analysis on Coitus Verses’, HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies, 78.1 (2022), a7158, doi:https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v78i1.7158

Alqadasi, A. M. A., A. M. Zeki, M. S. Sunar, M. S. B. H. Salam, R. Abdulghafor, and N. A. Khaled, ‘Improving Automatic Forced Alignment for Phoneme Segmentation in Quranic Recitation’, IEEE Access, 12 (2024), pp. 229–44, doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3345843

Alrefaee, Y., B. Zakarneh, T. Kumar, and A.-Q. Abdul-Ghafour, ‘Contextual Meanings of Qur’anic Near-Synonyms and Their English Translations with Special Reference to Huzn and Its Near-Synonyms’, Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 52.5 (2023), pp. 477–92, doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2023.2250796

Awda, A. S. O., and A. A. H. M. Alani, ‘Semantic Influence on Syntactic Analysis in the Qur’an: A Study of Contextual Overrides of Grammatical Norms’, Dragoman, 19 (2025), pp. 202–12, doi:https://doi.org/10.63132/ati.2025.thebre.9631

Bashir, M. H., A. M. Azmi, H. Nawaz, W. Zaghouani, M. Diab, A. Al-Fuqaha, and J. Qadir, ‘Arabic Natural Language Processing for Qur’anic Research: A Systematic Review’, Artificial Intelligence Review, 56 (2023), pp. 6801–54, doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-022-10313-2

Coşkun, M., ‘The Qurʾān’s Self-References to Its Arabic Register’, Hitit Theology Journal, 24.1 (2025), pp. 363–80, doi:https://doi.org/10.14395/hid.1615562

Demir, A., ‘Traces of Ahl al-Bayt in Shahristānī’s Tafsir, Mafātīh al-Asrār’, Hitit Theology Journal, 22.1 (2023), pp. 392–422, doi:https://doi.org/10.14395/hid.1243817

Dukes, K., E. Atwell, and N. Habash, ‘Supervised Collaboration for Syntactic Annotation of Quranic Arabic’, Language Resources and Evaluation, 47.1 (2013), pp. 33–62, doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10579-011-9167-7

Elhut, M., and Y. Kızılkaya, ‘The Phenomenon of Iʿrāb in the Tafsīrs of Bayḍāwī and Lutfullāh al-Arḍurūmī’, Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi, 23.2 (2019), pp. 1053–72, doi:https://doi.org/10.18505/cuid.621080

Erebih, M., and A. Almanna, ‘Between Text and Commentary: Translator Intervention and Semantic Openness in English Translations of the Qurʾān’, Cogent Arts & Humanities, 13.1 (2026), 2662804, doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2026.2662804

Hassanein, H., ‘Translating Semantic Cases from Qur’anic Arabic into English’, Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 51.1 (2022), pp. 58–78, doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/17475759.2021.2001357

Ibn al-Anbari, Idah al-Waqf wa al-Ibtida’ (Damascus: Majma‘ al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah, 1971)

Ibn al-Jazari, Muhammad ibn Muhammad, Al-Nashr fi al-Qira’at al-‘Ashr (Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, n.d.)

Ismail, A., and A. Solahuddin, ‘Psychology of Patience and Semantic Approach to the Qur’an: Meaning of Qāla on Istirjā’ Verse’, Cogent Arts & Humanities, 10.1 (2023), 2168342, doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2023.2168342

Kurt Palanci, M., ‘Parole Calque for Revelation: Izutsu’s Appropriation of Saussurean Dichotomy’, Hitit Theology Journal, 24.2 (2025), pp. 825–44, doi:https://doi.org/10.14395/hid.1757030

Muslim, B., T. Wildan, S. M. Saman, N. Sufyan, and S. Mawar, ‘The Arabic Language Contribution to the Istinbāt in Islamic Law of Acehnese Scholars’, Samarah, 6.1 (2022), pp. 224–43, doi:https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i1.11732

Mutlak, A. I. H., and A. S. Kareem, ‘Phonological Analysis of Vowel Lengthening and Shortening in Qur’anic Readings: A Study of Al-Hakimi’s Tafsir’, Dragoman, 22 (2025), pp. 178–91, doi:https://doi.org/10.63132/ati.2025.phonol.7585

Mårtensson, U., ‘Linguistic Theory in Tafsīr between 100/400 and 700/1000: Implications for Qur’anic Studies’, Journal of Qur’anic Studies, 24.3 (2022), pp. 1–45, doi:https://doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2022.0514

Na’im, M. A., ‘Comparative Study of Waqf Signs between the Qur’anic Manuscripts of Medina and al-Quddus, Indonesia’, Al-Misykah: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir, 4.1 (2023), pp. 46–59, doi:https://doi.org/10.19109/almisykah.v4i1.18952

Nirwana AN, A., Y. Dahliana, A. Rhain, K. Nugroho, A. Nurrahim, A. Azizah, and Z. Daud, ‘Mapping Quranic Exegesis Research: Trends, Contributions, and Future Directions’, Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 13.1 (2025), pp. 319–50, doi:https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v13i1.1250

Okumuş, S. R., and F. Yalnız, ‘Mapping the Dialect Density of the Qur’an: Sources of Standard Language in the Context of Mesāil Nāfi’ ibn al-Azraq’, Hitit Theology Journal, 24.1 (2025), pp. 456–81, doi:https://doi.org/10.14395/hid.1617642

Romli, M., ‘Implikasi al-Waqf wa al-Ibtida’ dalam Mushaf Asy-Syadzili terhadap Penafsiran Al-Qur’an’, Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 7.11 (2022), pp. 17161–73, doi:https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v7i11.11964

Rostandi, U. D., F. Rohandy, and A. Wasik, ‘Translanguaging Practices among English, Indonesian, and Arabic: Enhancing a Holistic Approach to Tafsir in an Indonesian Interpretation Classroom’, Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 15.1 (2025), pp. 224–35, doi:https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v15i1.80705

Sawalha, M., F. Al-Shargi, S. Yagi, A. T. AlShdaifat, B. Hammo, M. Belajeed, and L. R. Al-Ogaili, ‘Morphologically-Analyzed and Syntactically-Annotated Quran Dataset’, Data in Brief, 58 (2025), 111211, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.111211

Shehab, E., and A. M. Badah, ‘Semantic Precision Challenges for Large Language Models in Qur’anic Cognitive Synonyms Translation’, Discover Artificial Intelligence, 6.1 (2026), doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-01207-1

Suri, N., and M. Tanjung, ‘Metaphor and Symbolism in the Language of the Quran: A Linguistic Study on the Concept of Tauhid’, Pharos Journal of Theology, 106.1 (2025), doi:https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.106.3

Usman, A. H., M. F. R. Abdullah, and Azwar, ‘Qawaid Tafsir: The Application of Syntax, Morphology, and Rhetoric by M. Quraish Shihab’, Al-Bayan: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir, 9.1 (2024), pp. 25–37, doi:https://doi.org/10.15575/al-bayan.v9i1.16266

Wahidi, R., A. Putra, Nasrullah, Amaruddin, and N. Karima, ‘Al-Dānī and the Codification of Qur’anic Waqf-Ibtidā’’, Journal of Qur’an and Hadith Studies, 14.2 (2025), pp. 435–52, doi:https://doi.org/10.15408/quhas.v14i2.46092

Yasin, A., A. E. Al-Rawajfeh, and I. Hussein, ‘Influence of Symmetry Theory on Understanding the Qur’anic Ayas’, Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures, 14.3 (2022), pp. 495–516, doi:https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.14.3.3

Yaşar, H. R., ‘The Integration of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory into Qur’anic Studies: A Critical Literature Review’, Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi, 26.2 (2022), pp. 561–81, doi:https://doi.org/10.18505/cuid.1080841

Zafar, A., M. Wasim, S. Zulfiqar, T. Waheed, and A. Siddique, ‘Transformer-Based Topic Modeling for Urdu Translations of the Holy Quran’, ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing, 23.10 (2024), Article 146, doi:https://doi.org/10.1145/3694967


DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31314/ajamiy.15.1.243-263.2026

Article metrics

Abstract views : 21 | views : 4

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 `A Jamiy : Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Publisher:

Program Studi Sastra Arab, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Jl. Prof. Mansoer Pateda, Pentadio Timur, Gorontalo-Gorontalo
Email: [email protected]

 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Web Analytics

View 'AJamiy: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Stats

Flag Counter