Development of Green Open Space Policy in The Order to Realize A Sustainable City in Malang

region in Indonesia by paying attention to green open environmental areas. The reason is that Abstract. The current massive industrial development in urban areas that is not balanced with reforestation practices will have an impact on the environment such as air pollution, hot environmental conditions, flooding, and the lack of adequate Green Open Space. Therefore, good urban spatial planning is needed through the development of green open space in urban areas to maintain or facilitate urban settlements and reforestation practices for the future urban sustainability agenda so that there is a balance in terms of the economic, social, and natural environment as a form of a sustainable city. In analyzing the problem of this research using the literature study method by analyzing the results and information from previous studies. The result of the research is that the development of green open space in Malang City has not been fully managed properly, this is in accordance with the percentage of public green open space in Malang City which is only 1.362.32 Ha or 12.38% which the results of this percentage are still far from the minimum proportion of public green open space, which is 20% of the area of Malang City. As less than the maximum development of green open space, it will also have an impact on a sustainable city that runs less than optimally.


INTRODUCTION
Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has thousands of islands stretching from Sabang to Merauke. This causes Indonesia to have many big cities spread across each island. This affects the progress of knowledge and technology which is believed to be able to improve the level of community welfare for the better, this process is proven by the rapid development of infrastructure and other commercial buildings. One of them is the development carried out in the city of Malang.
In fact, this development has an impact on increasing city problems such as congestion, flooding, air pollution, poverty, population density, and so on, so to minimize these problems it is necessary to balance it with the concept of good urban spatial management and urban development based on a green environment (Ruslan, 2017). The government also issued Law No. 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning which regulates the problem of spatial planning concepts for each region in Indonesia by paying attention to green open environmental areas. The reason is that Abstract. The current massive industrial development in urban areas that is not balanced with reforestation practices will have an impact on the environment such as air pollution, hot environmental conditions, flooding, and the lack of adequate Green Open Space. Therefore, good urban spatial planning is needed through the development of green open space in urban areas to maintain or facilitate urban settlements and reforestation practices for the future urban sustainability agenda so that there is a balance in terms of the economic, social, and natural environment as a form of a sustainable city. In analyzing the problem of this research using the literature study method by analyzing the results and information from previous studies. The result of the research is that the development of green open space in Malang City has not been fully managed properly, this is in accordance with the percentage of public green open space in Malang City which is only 1.362.32 Ha or 12.38% which the results of this percentage are still far from the minimum proportion of public green open space, which is 20% of the area of Malang City. As less than the maximum development of green open space, it will also have an impact on a sustainable city that runs less than optimally. green open space in densely populated cities is recognized as very valuable for maintaining or facilitating urban settlements and urban greening practices for the future urban sustainability agenda so that there is a balance in terms of economic, social, and natural environment which is usually known as a sustainable city.
Sustainable City is a form of sustainable development which is designed to achieve prosperity and peace for the global community in the future because, sustainable urban development is not only based on environmental aspects but is based on aspects that are sourced from sustainable communities. Sustainability itself has the meaning of being maintained from the economic condition of a prosperous community and safe in accordance with the development of environmental potential or better conditions of the natural environment. So it can be concluded that a sustainable city is a city that is able to maintain its balance both in terms of environmental (ecology), economic (economy), and social (social) aspects (Budhihardjo, 2005 utilization of green open space in urban areas, that this proportion is a minimum measure to ensure the balance of urban ecosystems that can increase the availability of clean air needed by urban communities. So, the role of Green Open Space in urban areas is very important. This is because the existence of this Green Open Space can maintain the harmony and balance of the urban environmental ecosystem and can improve the quality of the environment so that it becomes more beautiful, cool, comfortable, clean, and healthy. Green Open Space can also serve as a safeguard for the existence of urban protected areas, control pollution, control water management, and as a means of aesthetics for the city. To realize the Green Open Space (RTH) area so that every city has a comfortable environment, every local government must be able to analyze and find out indicators that can increase development evenly in urban areas. With the government conducting an indicator analysis, the Green Open Space (RTH) will be easily managed. So that the development aspect for urban areas is in accordance with the implementation of regional autonomy, namely, to manage and develop their respective regions. To realize the Green Open Space (RTH) area, the Malang City Government took the initiative to make a policy through a Regional Regulation in the form of a regional spatial plan to be held in Malang City which is expected to last until 2030. The regulation in question is Malang City Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2011 concerning the Malang City Spatial Plan for 2010-2030. That in the Regional Regulation the Malang City Government can add green open space and the target area of green open space is 30% which is expected by the Malang City Government which will be achieved in 2030, through various strategies or efforts, one of which is securing property land assets. The Malang City Government, which will later become a green open space, will also be carried out through a tree census at the RT/RW, Kelurahan, and Subdistrict levels so that the trees planted will provide more benefits for the community (Mulyani, 2020). The Advanced and Independent Society". Based on the sound of the article, there is great hope for the Malang City government, the article is that some of the visions that the Malang City Government wants to realize are regarding Green Open Space. This is because if you compare people who live in areas that have poor environmental quality (a lot of pollution, floods, traffic jams, etc.) of course, they will be very much different from people who live in environments that have less pollution, such as in rural areas where the environment feels more comfortable. beautiful, cool, comfortable, and make people feel peaceful and prosperous. Therefore, so that the people of urban areas can feel the benefits of Green Open Space, of course, governance must be carried out throughout urban areas, namely, firstly providing a reference that makes it easier for government stakeholders to design, build and manage Green Open Space supported by relevant agencies. Second, providing practical guidance in designing, building, and managing Green Open Spaces. Third, providing information to the public at large that Green Open Space is very important for the life of urban areas so that people's lives will also feel safe. Fourth, provide the widest possible information to the community and related parties about the need for Green Open Space as a form of comfortable space for all forms of activity and comfort Publik (Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi I Vol. 10 (2), 2021 | 215 as a place to live. In addition, the embodiment of Green Open Space can be one way to find out the realization of a sustainable city in the future as the concept of a city that applies Green Open Space can be a development that is right on target for urban development in the future or not. as well as the goal of the concept of a sustainable city.
Through previous research put forward by Baharudin, Faizal, Afif Bizrie Mardhani, and Mohammad Romadloni (2019), entitled "Patterns of Consolidating Green Open Space Arrangements for Developing City Areas in Batu Sopang, Paser Regency" suggested that the existence of Green Open Space in Batu Sopang greatly affects the existing condition or physical condition because Green Open Space only has a presentation of 7.18% where it does not meet the standards of urban areas. However, the Batu Sopang City government seeks to realize the Green Open Space through the concept of Green Spatial Planning, which is the concept of combining spatial planning with the management of biophysical elements and social interactions in an area that highlights areas that support ecosystem balance and the formation of open spaces through the types of flora that able to absorb CO2 levels and increase O2 levels (Baharudin et al., 2019).

Another study conducted by Nurliah (2020) entitled "Analysis of Green Open Space
Management on City Development in Majene Regency" suggests that in Majene Regency the use of Green Open Space is carried out well, this is because the government in implementing Green Open Space policies is swakaloka where the policy is the responsibility of the Regional Apparatus Work Unit (SKPD) in charge of each Green Open Space according to the criteria and types. In addition, there are supporting factors for the creation of Green Open Spaces in Majene Regency because the Majene City area has a very good area where it has fertile soil so it is very easy to plant with plants (Nurliah & Tajuddin, 2020).
In another study, according to Hayat (2014) with the research title "Implementation of Green Open Space Arrangement Policies" states that the implementation of Green Open Space in Malang City still does not meet the standards because the article is still lacking in its use, grouping, management, and development. This is because the planning of Green Open Space by the Malang city government is still very minimal, which is between 10% to 13%, this results in the use of green space to increase water content, as an aspect of city comfort, and as an aspect of city beauty that has not been realized properly. On the other hand, management and development are still not appropriate due to several transfers of the Green Open Space area (Hayat, 2014 towards Sustainable Development in Malaysia" states that in Malaysia, urban areas play a role in important in a country because the city can provide potential related to sustainable benefits and can ensure whether the welfare of the people in the region is achieved or not. Because urban areas can easily experience uncontrolled urbanization challenges such as financial constraints in providing infrastructure, investment in service provision, inappropriate planning and governance, and so on. Therefore, this study states that there are 3 functions in assessing the level of welfare in urban areas, namely, 1) An interesting and creative place because an interesting place or area can improve a person's mood so that if in that place a person feels comfortable with his situation; 2) Sense of self, namely the ability of the environment to make self-expression so that the person can recognize himself; 3) Sense of belonging, which is a place where someone can feel accepted, respected, and supported by the environment (Musa et al., 2019).
In another study put forward by Simone Tappert the urban area has a quality environmental condition as well as the practice of realizing urban reforestation so that it can re-conceptualize its form and function in accordance with the principles of a city that is sustainable. ideal and sustainable. This is because in developed countries such as Switzerland the concept of local authorities is increasingly embracing the concept of sustainable urban development by creating livable cities with urban forms that prioritize Green Open Space. As urban green open space is always re-evaluated so that its contribution to urban sustainability remains in accordance with its functions and principles, namely the ideal compact city. This ideal compact city concept is a process of sporadic urban improvement or urban sprawl. The concept of a compact city is always applied in developed countries which is used as a measure of the cohesiveness of a city into three dimensions, namely, density, mixed functions, and intensification.
The density aspect relates to population density, employment density, built density, sub-centre density, and housing density. The mixed function aspect relates to the provision and deployment of infrastructure and land use change. Meanwhile, the intensification aspect is related to the rate of population growth, new development, and sub-centre density (Tappert et al., 2018). must be supported by all stakeholders. Because the management of Green Open Space (RTH) is a sustainable management that must be understood and strived for so that urban and urban areas can grow and develop with an ecocity or green city orientation. The green city concept itself is an effort to preserve the environment by developing part of the city environment into natural green fields in order to create harmony between the natural environment and urban lifestyles (Wakhidah, 2008). By realizing a green city, it will form a city that is healthy, environmentally friendly and also sustainable (eco city), because by applying a green city orientation, the concept of urban development will be based on an analysis of sustainable cities in future generations (Mori & Christoscdoulou, 2012). Because sustainable urban development is one of the global commitments contained in the 11 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Wikantiyoso & Suhartono, 2018). So

METHODS
This study uses the Literature Study method by analyzing the results and information from previous studies. Analysis of various information is carried out by collecting various written sources in the form of archives, articles, books, and journals or by several documents that are relevant to the problems studied. In other words, literature study is studying various reference books and similar previous research results that are useful for obtaining a theoretical basis on the problem to be studied (Sarwono, 2006). Sources of data used in this study is secondary data sources. The secondary data sources used come from scientific journals related to Green Open Space and Sustainable City. In this study, the authors used the data collection method of library research, and using non-participant Observation data collection techniques, namely the ability of a person to make observations through the five senses (Bungin, 2011). Next is the data analysis technique in this study using qualitative methods. In making data analysis, the author goes through several stages, starting from collecting data first, then the author examines some of the data that is obtained and collected again into one. Then from some data that has been studied by the author, the author can get selected data that can be used as a reference in writing.

Green Open Space as a Sustainable City
Cities and urban areas are centers of settlement and population activities that have administrative areas regulated by law. Considering that the growth of a city is always followed by an urbanization process, as cities and towns are always dynamic in terms of structure, shape, and appearance of the city. So that the concept of spatial planning and the environment has an important meaning based on the needs of the components of the arrangement of the room, to create an atmosphere of comfort and public health. Thus, the development of Green Open Space needs to be supported by a strong policy direction and desire. The reason is that if the use of space is not controlled or has problems, it will result in disruption of the continuity of environmental development in functional activities or activities. So, every stakeholder who carries out activities in the city area, must realize the importance of providing sufficient Green Open Space. So that the existence of Green Open Space will be closely related to the potential of each city to the importance of environmental needs. Therefore, a sustainable city has the meaning of being maintained from the economic condition of a prosperous community which is in accordance with the development of environmental potential or better conditions of the natural environment. So, it can be concluded that a sustainable city is a city that is able to maintain its balance both from the environmental recreation area can be a regional income fund and can be an income for local residents, as is the case in Merdeka Square, Malang, which has many children's play facilities (Ashari, 2018 However, this cannot be separated from the strategy realized by the Malang City government by collaborating with various companies by running CSR programs that will help the Malang City

c. Development of Green Open Space Based on Sustainable Social Conditions
The development of green open space through social aspects can be seen as a form of social interaction and recreational infrastructure for the community. As the form of social interaction can be realized through the patterns of pedestrian paths as the path can also be used as a place to sit, relax, or while enjoying the coolness in the city park. In the city of Malang itself, the development of green open space through social aspects has been implemented at several points such as the Jalan Ijen Pedestrian Area, Dieng Park, and Pedestrian, Slamet Park and so on. As the area is often used by the community as a hangout place both in the morning and at night with the aim of refreshing the body from boredom during activities, relaxing with family or friends, so that the environmental conditions can provide comfort for users. Through this green open space, community interaction is getting stronger because they will increasingly meet different people and will add to the circle of friends in the people of Malang City. In addition, the Malang City Government also invites the community to play a role in green programs to form sustainable cities through the Green Community. As in the future, through the community, the community will become an active driver in environmental conservation and have the ability to develop a green city (Subadyo et al., 2019).

CONCLUSIONS
The development of Green Open Space in Malang City has not been fully managed properly, this is in accordance with the percentage of public green open space in Malang City which is only 1.362.32 Ha or 12.38% which is still far from the proportion. minimum public green open space is