Analysis of The Development of The Kanigoro District as The New Capital City in Blitar Regency

. Blitar Regency is one of the regencies that has a fairly rapid development. However, in his government has not stood in its own territory. The activities of the Blitar Regency Government are still one in the Blitar City area. Therefore, to improve the condition of its government, Blitar Regency needs to develop its territory. In accordance with the ratification of Government Regulation No. 3 of 2010 concerning the relocation of the capital city of Blitar Regency to its own territory, Kanigoro District. This study aims to analyze the extent of the development of Kanigoro District as the new capital city in Blitar Regency. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, or document review. The results of this study indicate that the relocation of the capital city of Blitar district is one of the government's efforts to create equitable development. In addition, the transfer is carried out so that government services are more effective and efficient. This Regional Displacement and Development is based on a strong policy. In the process of development, the government has made plans in several documents. Although in its implementation there are still some obstacles.

increasing need for office land.The efforts of the Blitar Regency Government to increase economic activities as well as to improve existing facilities and infrastructure were realized by moving the capital city of Blitar Regency to the Kanigoro District area.So far, the community considers that the services provided by the Blitar Regency Government are still less effective and efficient.So that the transfer and development of the Kanigoro District area is expected to be able to meet the needs of the community evenly.
According to (Rohmah & Setiawan, 2018) relocating the center of government can be a strategy and the beginning of the emergence of a new town in the destination area.One of the causes of the development of new cities is to create new growth centers, one of which is by relocating the center of government.Changes in the structure of the region is a sign of the development of a new city.Meanwhile, according to (Toun, 2018) The discourse on the formation of a new capital area will automatically form a spatial pattern that makes residential and office areas in large sizes.
The relocation of a capital is regulated in State Administration law which views that a capital (province, and regency) is a dynamic place that is not static and is able to adapt to regional developments and progress as a capital that is ready and worthy of being made a new capital (Abbas, 2017) The development of the Kanigoro District area is to the north covering an area of 540.01 m2 DPRD Office area, to the south an area of 2,565.67 m2 to the Glondong River area, to the east an area of 212.42 m2 to the east of the west three intersections and to the west an area to 1,162.69 m2 to the west.west secondary channel.The development of the Kanigoro District area aims to create a center of government and trade.In accordance with this goal, the Blitar Regency government is trying to continue to develop Kanigoro District in accordance with the available urban space.
The development of the Kanigoro District area requires a long time and very large funds.
Therefore, cooperation between the government, the private sector and the community is needed in regional development to become a community-friendly city and improve the welfare of the people of Blitar Regency.During the development of the Kanigoro District area as the New Capital City in the Regency, various challenges have been passed by the government as an effort to prosper the community (Anggito & Setiawan, 2018).Based on this background, the author will review the development of the Kanigoro District area as the New Capital City in Blitar Regency.
The analysis is not only in terms of success but also in terms of failure.So that later, it can be considered in the process of preparing the right planning model for the development of the Kanigoro District area.
Several previous studies have reviewed the analysis of the development of the new capital city.The relocation of the capital city is one of the impacts of the process of economic equity, economic equity can be achieved by moving the capital city to a new area where it also causes population movement to the destination area.The relocation of the New Capital City has had both external and internal impacts.Wider economic development leads to larger regional development (Taufiq M, 2020).Other research (Noviyanti et al., 2020) A strategy to equalize development that is still ecocentric is to increase regional development in areas that are still below the standards of other regions.The new growth center is expected to increase economic growth.The discourse that was initiated was the relocation of the capital city of West Java from Bandung City to other alternative areas.
The research above shows that regional development is one of the efforts to achieve success in the implementation of development.Regional development will be encouraged through the growth of the role of the services sector, the manufacturing sector and the agricultural sector.The increasing contribution of these sectors is carried out in line with the continued development of strategic areas in areas that are the main prime movers (main growth drivers), including Special Economic Zones (SEZ), Industrial Estates, Urban Areas (megapolitan and metropolitan), Tourism Areas and Areas based on agriculture and regional potential such as agropolitan and minapolitan.
In contrast to previous studies, this study tries to analyze the development of the Kanigoro District as the capital of Blitar Regency by comparing the results obtained with the indicators of ideal urban development according to Weeler, namely the efficiency of land use, the number of bripadi vehicles that are not too many, efficient use of resources., maintenance of the environment, decent housing, inclusive social communities, the economy that is the carrying capacity of the community, public participation and maintenance of local culture.

METHODS
This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach.A qualitative approach is collecting data in a natural setting with the intention of interpreting the phenomena that occur where the researcher is the key instrument (Anggito & Setiawan, 2018).The qualitative approach was chosen based on the experience of the researcher where this method can be used to find, understand and explain in depth the phenomena found in the study.The qualitative descriptive approach in this study aims to present information regarding the analysis of the development of the Kanigoro sub-district as the new capital city in Blitar district.The location of this research was carried out at the Regional Planning and Development Agency (BAPPEDA) and the Blitar Regency General Planning and Spatial Planning Office (PUPR).The reason for choosing the Agency and Service is because the Agency and Service is authorized as the technical implementer for the development of the Kanigoro District area.
The method of data collection in this study is the technique of triangulation of data sources.
The data source triangulation method includes interviews, observations and documentation studies.Observations and interviews were conducted with research informants with open interview guidelines.Documentation studies are also carried out at the research site by analyzing documents related to regional development that have been made by informants and other than informants to complete the results of interviews and observations.

Analysis of the Moving Capital of Blitar Regency
The main reason underlying the relocation of the capital city of Blitar Regency is the administrative center of Blitar Regency which has not yet been established in its own territory.
The central government of Blitar Regency is still in the same area as Blitar City.In addition, there are other reasons, namely when viewed administratively the area of Blitar Regency is divided into two parts, the northern region and the southern region.The northern region tends to develop faster than the southern region.The available facilities and infrastructure are mostly in the northern region so that the movement of the people of the southern region tends to be oriented towards the north.This causes a visible gap in economic growth between northern Blitar and southern Blitar, because investors tend to be more interested in investing in the northern region.
Apart from these two reasons, government services have so far been considered less effective and efficient in reaching the needs of the people of Blitar Regency.So that the relocation of the capital city of Blitar Regency to the Kanigoro District is expected to be able to equalize economic growth in order to improve the welfare of the people and the administration of government to be more effective and efficient.Kanigoro District was chosen because geographically it is considered strategically right at the center point of the Blitar Regency area.Technically, Kanigoro District is also far from disasterprone locations.The determination of Kanigoro District as the new capital city in Blitar Regency is also inseparable from political power.This political decision can be seen from the selection of the location of Kanigoro Subdistrict which is in the middle of Blitar Regency with environmental conditions that still have a lot of vacant land and have a lot of natural resources.Therefore, stakeholders take advantage of existing opportunities to achieve their goals.

Policy Analysis of the Capital Development of Blitar Regency
The development of the Kanigoro Subdistrict as the New Capital City in Blitar Regency is carried out on a strong policy basis.The development of the Kanigoro District area has been formulated in a planning document and approved by the Blitar Regency Government.In accordance with Law No. 32 of 2004 in article 7 paragraph 2 concerning Regional Governments, it is possible to propose the transfer of the capital city by completing administrative and technical requirements.The policy of moving the capital city of Blitar Regency is based on Government Regulation No. 3 of 2010 concerning the relocation of the capital city of Blitar Regency to Kanigoro District, Blitar Regency and Blitar Regency Regional Regulation No. 5 of 2011-2031 regarding spatial planning (RTRW).Efforts made by the government through the preparation of the Blitar Regency RTRW document in 2010-2031 include a spatial and regional plan for Blitar Regency in accordance with the function of the structure and spatial pattern.

Efficiency in Land Utilization
Changes in land use in urban areas are increasing along with the growth and development of urban areas (Suryani et al., 2020) The availability of land in Kanigoro Subdistrict has the potential to be developed into the new Blitar Regency Capital, especially on ex-bent land in Kanigoro Village and Satreyan Village has an area of ± 17.5 ha.Kanigoro Subdistrict development planning has been stated in the form of a master plan, but in fact in the preparation of the master plan is still experiencing some obstacles.Regarding the consideration of the preparation of the master plan, it is still not fully considered the suitability of the land to be used for the construction of office buildings in the Blitar Regent's building area.In addition to the preparation of the master plan which experienced several obstacles as well as in the preparation of the Spatial and Regional Plan (RTRW).The development of the Kanigoro District area has not been adjusted to the Spatial and Regional Planning (RTRW) that has been prepared.Spatial and Regional Planning is only used as a requirement in regional development.
The Blitar Regency Government has prepared a plan for the construction of all SKPD buildings in the Regent's Office area.The delineation of the construction is Green Open Space (RTH), waste management area, parking area and drainage network in the planning area.Not only that, to complement the functions and roles of each region, urban area development is carried out based on the structure of the space owned.To prevent overlapping functions and roles of urban areas, it is necessary to form a spatial structure that can accommodate all needs and complement each other according to their respective functions and roles.
The analysis of urban spatial structure is carried out with the aim of determining urban development in more detail, especially in the area of service centers in the Kanigoro urban area.
The existing spatial structure planning has been arranged systematically by taking into account the physical characteristics of the city.Although currently in the Kanigoro sub-district urban activities tend to develop linearly, they are located in downtown locations and main roads so that in some locations they tend to be less developed.The main activities include office activities, housing, agriculture, trade and services, while supporting activities include education, health and other industries.Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to adjust the implementation of development with the plans that have been made previously so that a balance will be created in development that is in accordance with the image of the city.For the regional scale, the arrangement of the Kanigoro spatial pattern is still served by the

The Number Of Private Motor Vehicles That Are Not Too Many
One indicator of good regional development is to provide decent and affordable public transportation.With the development of Kanigoro District as the new capital city in Blitar Regency, the government has made policies in the field of transportation, namely the arrangement and provision of public transportation.This was done in order to reduce congestion after moving the regional office to the Kanigoro District area.However, based on the results of the analysis, the number of public transportation in Blitar Regency has decreased.Until the beginning of 2020, the number of public transportation in Blitar Regency is only 10 units.The decrease in the number of public transportation was caused by the decrease in the number of passengers.
People in Blitar Regency prefer to use private transportation, both two-wheeled and four-wheeled.
These problems often arise in urban areas, especially in East Java.People prefer to use private vehicles rather than public transportation.
Public transportation has a close relationship with government policy.Public transportation can only run effectively and efficiently if it is stated in government policies, which are then implemented consistently and sustainably with clear sanctions (Sutandi, 2015).To overcome the problem of transportation in the development of Kanigoro District as the new capital city in Blitar Regency, it is necessary to get more attention from government.There is a need for policies that can save the existence of public transportation for the creation of an ideal regional development.

Efficient Use of Energy Resources
Efficient use of energy resources is very necessary, given the limited number of energy resources.Energy has an important role in increasing economic activity and national security, so that energy management which includes supply, utilization and exploitation must be carried out in a sustainable manner (Sugiyono, 2014).be the opening road in all activities throughout the region.To ensure that electrical energy needs are met, the Blitar Regency government provides electricity that can reach the entire area.Various efforts continue to be made by the Blitar Regency government to provide and monitor the supply of electricity.Even though in its activities the government faces problems in supervising the use of energy, because basically the supervision in the use of energy is not easy.Community participation is needed in the use of energy so that energy consumption must be used wisely.

Environmental Care
Environmental care is one of the efforts made to protect the environment against the negative impacts caused by regional development.Regional development that is environmentally sound is a development that does not ignore environmental sustainability, maintains environmental harmony and resources so that sustainable development for present and future generations can be supported by the existence of a sustainable environment and resources (Rosana, 2018).policies are made in the arrangement, utilization, maintenance, supervision and control.The Environmental Quality Index in Blitar Regency until 2020 is 66.74.With the value of the Environmental Quality Index in the range of 66≤x≤74, the environmental quality in Blitar Regency is categorized as quite good.Although there was a decrease from the previous year due to lightly polluted water quality.Blitar Regency.Development of an ideal area must see the impact in the future.Regional development is intended to improve the quality of life of the community, but in its implementation it is also necessary to protect the existing environment.

Liveable Housing
The main purpose of regional development is to improve the welfare of the community.
Providing a suitable place to live and a livable environment is a target that must be met by the government.Theoretically, the criteria for a suitable house to live in are a place where families and residents live with the support of adequate environmental facilities to meet basic needs, ranging from clean water, lighting, and safe for the activities of the residents to achieve productivity (Sattarudin, 2019).The Kanigoro District area still has housing uninhabitable.However, in 2021, in order to create an ideal regional development, the Blitar Regency government through the relevant agencies has carried out repairs to 171 units of uninhabitable houses (RTLH) in Kanigoro, Wlingi and Srengat sub-districts.However, the main problem in dealing with livable housing in the Blitar Regency area has so far been constrained by the limited budget.Sources of these funds are obtained from the central government DAK, provincial governments and local governments.

Inclusive Social Community
The existence of social communities is very important in regional development.As an area that is mostly rural, the development of Kanigoro sub-district still relies on the nature of togetherness and mutual cooperation.In development activities, various social communities are still in harmony with each other.Rural community communities with primary activities that still dwell on agriculture, plantations, livestock and fisheries, while urban communities with nonagricultural activities.Rural communities that supply the needs of urban communities.Although there are some conflicts that arise but these problems can be resolved immediately.The social conditions in the development area of Kanigoro District are very harmonious and integrated into each other in various community activities.The roles of the two communities encourage better regional development activities.

The Economy That Becomes the Supporting Capacity of the Community
Economic development is one indicator of the success of development.Regional development is one of the government's efforts to improve the quality of the economy that can be the carrying capacity of people's lives.Economic activities in urban areas are basically intended as an effort by the government to increase the income of citizens and at the same time an effort to improve the welfare of the community (Pawitro, 2013).
One of the main objectives of developing Kanigoro District as the New Capital City is to increase economic activities for the welfare of the people.With the development of the Kanigoro District, it has a significant impact.The location of Kanigoro Subdistrict which is considered strategic makes public administration services increase, including in business development, both from the formal and informal sectors.When viewed from the economic character of the community in Kanigoro District, it is more directed to the establishment of informal sector businesses.It is possible that the informal sector will grow faster than the formal sector.The Blitar Regency Government coordinates with the community to develop their businesses by providing financial assistance and creating wider employment opportunities without coercion.Investment can have an impact on expanding job opportunities so that economic development will accelerate.The Blitar Regency Government makes a well-planned plan to attract investors to invest in Blitar Regency, especially in the development area of the New Capital City.The government is a bridge between investors and the public.The investment is expected to be a healthy investment and able to increase the competitiveness of the business owned.

Public Participation And Engagement
Active community participation and involvement plays an important role in the maintenance and supervision of regional development.Community participation is a central part of development strategies in all fields.If the community begins to participate in all aspects of development, starting from the decision-making process, implementation, monitoring, evaluation, to receiving benefits, then the development goals will be achieved by itself (Yusuf, 2014).creating community needs.The people of Blitar Regency tend to be passive with the development of the region.This problem creates a condition where the development of Kanigoro District is only the responsibility of the government, so that ideas from the community in regional development are not channeled properly.Supposedly with public participation and involvement, the community can contribute ideas to their needs and interests so that local governments can determine policy directions according to community needs.In addition, participation is important to ensure that citizens are involved in the political process and thus can create awareness and support among citizens for successful development in their area, which is very important for democratic development and nation building.Community participation is needed in every development, not only as a form of implementing democracy, but so that the resulting development results are specific and optimal for the community.

Preservation of Local Culture
Along with regional development, people's lifestyles can also change according to existing developments.People tend to leave the local culture and switch to a new culture that is considered more practical than the local culture.Therefore, it is necessary to raise public awareness about the preservation of local culture.Local culture has a very close relationship with the community in an environment with all natural conditions in that environment.He is displayed in various traditional ceremonies of a village, village cleans, for example, carried out to honor the spirits of the ancestors as village guards (Budi Setyaningrum, 2018) The Blitar Regency Government makes policies by incorporating local culture into the development plan.The policy is carried out so that local culture can become a separate icon for the Blitar Regency area.With the development of the region does not make the region forget the local culture.The people of Blitar Regency, who are thick with Javanese culture, still maintain cultural traditions to this day.The Blitar district government also routinely conducts cultural activities every year.This shows that there is good communication between the Blitar Regency government and the community in maintaining local culture.
Based on the results of the research above, the development of Kanigoro District when viewed from regional development planning there are several that must be addressed.
Meanwhile, if viewed from the ideal area development according to Wheeler which includes nine indicators, namely: Efficiency in land use, not too many private motorized vehicles, efficient use of energy resources, maintenance of the environment, decent housing, inclusive social communities., the economy which is the carrying capacity of the community, participation and involvement as well as the maintenance of local culture can be said to be ideal, although there are several indicators that need improvement.

CONCLUSION
The development of Kanigoro Subdistrict as the new capital city in Blitar Regency is one of the government's efforts in equitable development.The government is required to be able to provide effective and efficient services.When viewed from the indicators of the success of regional development by Wheller, in the development of the Kanigoro District area, there are several indicators that can be said to be ideal even though they are not yet perfect.Indicators that are already quite ideal include land use, use of energy sources, inclusive social communities, economy, public participation and maintenance of local culture.Indicators that really need to be the government's attention are the issue of public transportation, environmental maintenance and livable housing.The local government should make a more structured work plan, community participation in the regional development process is also needed so that the community's needs for development are met, in addition to cooperation with the private sector is needed.

REFERENCE
. Kanigoro District was made the New Capital City in Blitar Regency based on Government Regulation No. 3 of 2010.In accordance with the government regulation, Kanigoro District was determined as the new capital city in Blitar Regency.The determination of Kanigoro District as the center of government was ratified by the issuance of Decree No. 7 of 2009 concerning the approval of the determination of the capital city of Blitar Regency to the Kanigoro District of Blitar, followed by a letter from the Regent of Blitar to the Governor of East Java Number 050/439/409.201/2009as well as a letter from the Governor of East Java to the Governor of East Java.Minister of Home Affairs Number 135/13382/011/2009 concerning the Determination of the Transfer of the Capital City of Blitar Regency.Kanigoro District is one of the areas in Blitar Regency which is located right in the middle of the administrative boundary of the North and South regions.The area of Kanigoro District is 55.55 km² or 3.3% of the area of Blitar Regency.Kanigoro District has the highest population density compared to other sub-districts in Blitar Regency, the population of Kanigoro District is 68,452 people.Kanigoro Subdistrict is bordered to the north by Garum District, to the south by Kademangan District, to the east by Talun District and to the west by Sanankulon District, Blitar City.Publik (Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi) I Vol. 12 (1), 2023 | 22 The Blitar Regency Government conducted a feasibility study in 2006 to determine the location of the New Capital City in Blitar Regency.Determination of the location is done through various analyses.The analysis includes (a) analysis of the land, (b) analysis of road development, (c) visual analysis (d) analysis of the impacts after the development of the new capital city.There are four candidates for the location of the New Capital City, namely Ponggok District, Wlingi District, Garum District and Kanigoro District.The four candidates for the location of the new capital city have their respective advantages and disadvantages.However, from several candidates for the location of the New Capital City, in 2008 Kanigoro District was chosen as the most appropriate location to be used as an urban area and the center of government.
City of Blitar due to the location of Kanigoro which is adjacent to the City of Blitar.The existing facilities in the Blitar Regency area are still in the form of a District scale with a moderate development pattern.With urban development, it is necessary to increase facilities to support office activities that are adjusted to the planning of spatial patterns and adapted to the availability of land.The existing pattern of settlement development tends to lead to a linear pattern as well as the development pattern of development and services also has a linear pattern.The pattern of educational development in the stage of equity both within the Kanigoro District and outside the Kanigoro District.The pattern of office development tends to be concentrated in the main road area (Blitar City -Kanigoro -Malang and Kanigoro -Kanigoro -Lodoyo).The pattern of health development on a sub-district scale to a city scale.Meanwhile, the pattern of development of agriculture and plantations is fairly even.
With the development of the new capital city, investment opportunities are also wide open.