THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY ON INSOMNIA IN COLLEGE STUDENTS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

 Sitti Rojiyah Nur Insyirah Puhi, Zulkarnain Antu

Abstract


Insomnia merupakan gangguan tidur yang sering dialami mahasiswa dan berdampak pada fungsi kognitif, regulasi emosi, serta performa akademik. Salah satu intervensi nonfarmakologis yang direkomendasikan untuk mengatasi insomnia adalah Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Cognitive Behavior Therapy terhadap insomnia pada mahasiswa melalui metode systematic literature review. Proses penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada beberapa basis data ilmiah seperti PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar dengan rentang publikasi 10 tahun terakhir. Kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel penelitian empiris yang menggunakan desain eksperimen atau kuasi-eksperimen, subjek mahasiswa, serta mengukur tingkat insomnia sebelum dan sesudah intervensi CBT. Proses seleksi artikel mengikuti alur PRISMA, meliputi identifikasi, skrining, kelayakan, dan inklusi. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa CBT, baik dalam format tatap muka maupun daring, secara signifikan menurunkan skor insomnia, meningkatkan kualitas tidur, serta mengurangi gejala kecemasan dan stres yang berkontribusi terhadap gangguan tidur pada mahasiswa. Komponen utama CBT seperti restrukturisasi kognitif, sleep hygiene, kontrol stimulus, dan teknik relaksasi terbukti efektif dalam memodifikasi pola pikir dan perilaku maladaptif terkait tidur. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa CBT merupakan intervensi yang efektif dan berbasis bukti dalam penanganan insomnia pada populasi mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan implementasi program CBT di lingkungan perguruan tinggi sebagai bagian dari layanan kesehatan mental preventif dan kuratif.

Keywords


Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Insomnia, Student, University

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31314/jpm.4.2.57-63.2025

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