SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS UNTUK ANALISIS KERENTANAN TSUNAMI DI KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS PROVINSI LAMPUNG

 Andre Vanbudi, Muhammad Irfan Affandi, Henky Mayaguezz, Abdullah Aman Damai, Indra Gumay Yudha

Abstract


Rencana mitigasi dan rekonstruksi bencana akibat tsunami dapat diimplementasikan dengan berbagai tindakan. Integrasi analisis spasial Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dengan analisis multi-kriteria Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk penilaian dampak genangan tsunami merupakan salah satu tindakan mitigasi. Dalam studi ini, dilakukan penilaian kerentanan, genangan dan dampak akibat bahaya tsunami di Kabupaten Tanggamus. Data spasial Digital Elevation Model (DEM) dan data historis run-up tsunami diproses dengan SIG. Ketiadaan validasi lapangan menjadi keterbatasan studi. Parameter elevation dan slope dibuat dari CIAT-CSI SRTM, sedangkan coastline distance dibuat dari peta vektor area. AHP digunakan untuk menimbang parameter melalui perbandingan berpasangan (pairwise comparison). Matriks perbandingan berpasangan tersebut dinormalisasi dan diiterasi hingga mencapai konvergensi vektor eigen utama (CR < 0,10). Lima kelas kerentanan didefinisikan dan dianalisis untuk pemetaan genangan tsunami. Weighted overlay melalui analisis spasial di SIG digunakan untuk membuat peta akhir kerentanan tsunami. Hasil penilaian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah studi berada di bawah zona kerentanan low sebesar 1.417,53 km2 (52,46%), slightly low 1.152,61 km2 (42,66%), medium 63,54 km2 (2,35%), slightly high 48,30 km2 (1,79%), dan high 20,09 km2 (0,74%). Sebanyak 52 desa/kelurahan yang tersebar pada 9 kecamatan memiliki daerah dengan tingkat kelas kerentanan tinggi terhadap tsunami. Hasil ini dapat menjadi informasi awal untuk pengelolaan strategi mitigasi bencana di kawasan pesisir dan proses evakuasi bencana.

Keywords


elevasi; garis pantai; lereng; tsunami; kerentanan

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31314/jsig.v9i1.5207

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