The Effect of Organizational Commitment and Organizational Culture on Police Members’ Performance with Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as an Intervening Variable

Abstract

The performance of police personnel is a critical determinant of the effectiveness of public service delivery, law enforcement, and the maintenance of public order. Enhancing employee performance requires not only technical competence but also strong organizational commitment, a supportive organizational culture, and voluntary behaviors that contribute beyond formal job responsibilities. This study aims to analyze the effects of organizational commitment and organizational culture on the performance of police officers, with Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) serving as an intervening variable. A quantitative research approach with a descriptive survey design was employed. The study was conducted at the Kerinci Police Resort (Polres Kerinci), involving a population of 305 police personnel. Using proportional random sampling based on Slovin’s formula, 174 respondents were selected. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis with SPSS to examine both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The findings indicate that organizational commitment significantly influences OCB and police performance. Organizational culture also has a significant positive effect on OCB and employee performance. Furthermore, OCB significantly enhances police performance and acts as a mediating variable in the relationships between organizational commitment, organizational culture, and performance. The model demonstrates substantial explanatory power, with organizational commitment and organizational culture explaining 79.0% of the variance in OCB, while organizational commitment, organizational culture, and OCB jointly explain 72.0% of the variance in police performance. These findings highlight the strategic importance of strengthening organizational commitment, fostering a positive organizational culture, and encouraging OCB to improve the effectiveness and professionalism of police organizations. The study contributes to the literature on public sector human resource management by providing empirical evidence on the mediating role of OCB in enhancing police performance.